E 8 – GRAMMAR CƠ BẢN + 4 TESTS LÀM THÊM
A. GRAMMAR BẢN:
1.Câu bị động đặc biệt :
1.Câu bị động với think/believe/say…:
a, +,CĐ: S(People,They,…..)+ say/think/believe…+that +………
+,BĐ: S+ is/am/are+ said/thought/believed…+to V…………
It+ is/am/are+ said/thought/believed… that+………… b, +,CĐ: S(People,They,…..)+ said/thought/believed…+that….
+,BĐ: S+ was/were+ said/thought/believed…+to have+V(pII)
: It+ was/were+ said/thought/believed… that+…………
Eg:-People believe that 13 is an unlucky number.
=>13 is belived to be an unlucky number.
=>It is believed that 13 is an unlucky number.
-They thought that Mai had gone away.
=>Mai was thought to have gone away.
=>It was thought that Mai had gone away.
2.Câu bị động với “have”:
+,CĐ: S+have/has/had+sb+V+st+…….
+,BĐ: S+have/has/had+st+V(pII)+(by sb)...
Eg:I had him repair my bicycle yesterday.
=>I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.
3.Câu bị động với “get”:
+,CĐ: S+get/gets/got+sb+to V+st+…….
+,BĐ: S+get/gets/got+st+V(pII)+(by sb)...
Eg: I got him to repair my car last week.
=> I got my car repaired last week.
4.Câu bị động với “make”:
+,CĐ: S+make/made+sb+V+st+……
+,BĐ: S(sb)+ is/are//was/were made +to V+st+…… Eg:The step mother made Littele Pea do the chores all day.
=> Littele Pea was made to do the chores all day.
5.Need:
+, CĐ: S+need +to V+st+……..
+, BĐ: S(st)+need +to be V(pII).
S(st)+need+V-ing.
Eg:You need to cut your hair.
=>Your hair need to be cut.
=> Your hair need cutting.
2.Câu trực tiếp,gián tiếp :
I.Các dạng câu chuyển gián tiếp:
1.Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu:
- Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu có các dạng:
“(Don’t)+V+…..+(please)”
“Will/Would/Can/Could+S+(not)+……+(please)?”
“Would you mind+(not)+V-ing+…..?”
=>S+told/asked/warned(cảnh báo)/begged(cầu xin)/ordered(ra lệnh)/reminded(nhắc nhở)+O+(not) toV…
Eg:- “Listen carefully” The teacher said to us.
=>The teacher told/asked us to listen carefully.
-“Don’t make noise,Jim” The perfect said.
=>The perfect ordered Jim not to make noise.
-“Would you mind putting out your cigarette?”-said a woman.
=>A woman reminded me to put out my cigatette.
*Câu yêu cầu với động từ tường thuật “asked” có dạng:
-“I’d like+……..”
-“Can/Could I have+……..”
Khi chuyển gián tiếp ta áp dụng công thức:
S+asked(+O)+for+st+…..
Eg:In the café,the man said: “I’d like a cup of tea”.
=>The man asked for a cup of tea.
2.Lời khuyên:
-Lời khuyên có các dạng:
“S+should(not)/ought (not) to/had better(not)+V+……..”
“Why don’t you+V+…….”
“If I were you, I would+V+…….”
=>S1+said+(to+O)+that+S2+should+V+…….
=>S+advised/encouraged(khuyến khích)+ O+to V+…….
Eg:-“You should run faster” The teacher said.
=>The teacher said that I should run faster.
=>The teacher advised me to run faster.
-“Why don’t you take off your coat?”She said.
=>She advised me to take off my coat.
-“If I were you,